SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON THE IMPORTANCE OF INTELLECTUAL GIFTEDNESS IN THE EDUCATIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FIELD

Abstract

Introduction: Intellectual giftedness has been an important topic in education and psychology due to its implications for the cognitive, emotional, and social development of individuals. Its identification and early attention are essential to avoid the underutilization of talent and support the overall well-being of these students. However, definitions and theoretical approaches vary, leading to debates about the best way to address it and the most appropriate educational and psychological strategies. Method: This study employs a systematic review following the PRISMA methodology. A search was conducted in various databases, applying specific filters to select 7 relevant articles on intellectual giftedness in the educational and psychological context. Results: The review revealed a diversity of methodological approaches in the studies analyzed. The main topics addressed include the importance of teacher training, the implementation of flexible and personalized pedagogical approaches, the need for comprehensive evaluations (not only cognitive), and the challenges of the stigmatization of gifted students. Furthermore, it highlighted the importance of understanding giftedness beyond academic performance, also considering socioemotional aspects. Discussion: The need for continuous and specialized teacher training, an inclusive pedagogical approach, and the implementation of comprehensive assessments that consider not only cognitive skills but also emotional and social factors is discussed. Conclusions: Despite the advances made, significant challenges remain in implementing inclusive educational policies for students with high intellectual abilities. It is recommended to improve teacher training, adopt more comprehensive evaluation approaches, and promote greater social understanding of diverse intellectual abilities.